Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) (Pericardial Fluid)

Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme associated with cell-mediated immunity, especially T-lymphocyte activity. Measurement of ADA levels in pericardial fluid is particularly useful in evaluating patients with pericardial effusion when tuberculosis is suspected.

Elevated ADA levels in pericardial fluid strongly suggest tuberculous pericarditis, a serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. This test helps differentiate TB-related pericardial effusion from other causes such as malignancy, bacterial infection, or autoimmune disease. ADA testing is rapid, cost-effective, and is interpreted along with clinical findings, imaging (echocardiography), microbiology, and cytology for accurate diagnosis.